How it works: Niacinamide and nicotinamide are precursors for niacin or vitamin B3. Niacin has many effects on the skin. Nicotinamide has been shown to increase the production of ceramides and other lipids in the outer

layers of the skin which helps the skin to retain moisture resulting in softer, smoother skin and less dryness and flaking. In addition nicotinamide has anti-inflammatroy properties that can help in treating acne and rosacea. Niacinamide inhibits the transfer of pigment from the melanocytes (the cells that create the pigment) to keratinocytes (main skin cells) and can thus help to decrease hyperpigmentation and allow skin lightening. In addtion, nicotinamide has protective qualities and can reduce the number of ultraviolet radiation induced skin cancers.

Effectiveness: Studies have shown nicotinamide to work as well as some topical antibiotics for the treatment of acne. Other studies have shown a significant improvement in skin pigmentation in 4 weeks and a decreased transfer of pigment of 35-68%. In addition, nicotinamide was shown to increase the skin's permeability barrier by 1.5-7 fold allowing for increased moisturization and decreased water loss. Ultarviolet radiation induced skin cancers were also reduced by 70% (animal studies).

Where to find it: Niadyne, Olay Total Effects

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